Below is a list of names under consideration for inclusion into the final treatment of Arnica
for the FNA project. Accepted names are indicated in red. Synonyms and references are also
included for each accepted taxon.
Taxon |
Synonym(s) |
Reference |
| Arnica acaulis
(Walt.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. |
Doronicum acaule Walt. |
Maguire 1943 |
| Arnica amplexicaulis var. prima B.
Boivin |
|
|
| Arnica angustifolia
Vahl |
Two subspecies |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
subsp. angustifolia
|
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin var. angustifolia
(Vahl) Fern. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin forma inundata
Porsild |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. angustifolia (Vahl) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. attenuata (Greene) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. attenuata Greene var. linearis
Hulten |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. attenuata Greene var. vestita
Hulten |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. genuina
Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. iljnii
Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. intermedia
(Turcz.) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. sornborgeri
(Fern.) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin var. angustifolia
(Vahl) Fern. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin var. attenuata
(Greene) Ediger & Barkl. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin var. plantaginea
(Pursh) Ediger and Barkl. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin var. ungavensis
Boivin |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin var. vahliana
Boivin |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica angustifolia Vahl subsp. alpina
(L.) I. K. Ferguson in Heywood |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica angustifolia Vahl subsp. attenuata
(Greene) G. W. Douglas & G. Ruyle-Douglas |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica angustifolia Vahl subsp. Iljnii
(Maguire) I. K. Ferguson in Heywood |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica attenuata Greene |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica iljinii (Maguire) Iljin |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica intermedia Turcz. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica lowii Holm |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica montana L. var. alpina L. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica plantaginea Pursh |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica sornborgeri Fern. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica sornborgeri Fern. var. ungavensis Boivin |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica terrae-novae Fern. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
subsp. tomentosa (Macoun) G. W. Douglas & G.
Ruyle-Douglas
|
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. tomentosa
(Macoun) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin var. tomentosa
(Macoun) Cronquist |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica pulchella Fern. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica tomentosa Macoun |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| Arnica cernua
Howell |
Arnica chandleri Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Arnica chamissonis Less. |
Arnica bernardina Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica cana Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica celsa A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp foliosa (Nutt.)
Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp. chamissonis var. interior
Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp. foliosa (Nutt.)
Maguire var. andina (Nutt.) Ediger & Barkley |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp. foliosa (Nutt.)
Maguire var. bernardina (Greene) Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp. foliosa (Nutt.)
Maguire var. incana (A. Gray) Hulten |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp. foliosa (Nutt.)
Maguire var. jepsoniana Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp. foliosa (Nutt.)
Maguire var. maguirei (A. Nelson) Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp. genuina Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. subsp. incana (A. Gray)
Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. var. angustifolia Herder |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. var. incana (A. Gray) Welsh |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. var. typica Regel |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica columbiana Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica denudata Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica denudata Greene var. canescens Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica elongata Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica exigua A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica foliosa Nutt. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica foliosa Nutt. var. andina Nutt. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica foliosa Nutt. var. bernardina (Greene) Jepson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica foliosa Nutt. var. incana A. Gray |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica foliosa Nutt. var. sonnei (Greene) Jepson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica greenei A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica incana (A. Gray) Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica incana (A. Gray) Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica kodiakensis Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica lanulosa Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica macilenta Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica maguirei A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica montana angustifolia Hook. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica ocreata A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica rhizomata A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica rubricaulis Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica stricta A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica subplumosa Greene var. macilenta (Greene) A.
Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica tomentulosa Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| Arnica cordifolia
Hook. |
Arnica abortiva Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica andersonii Piper |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica austinae Rydb |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica chionophila Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica cordifolia var. pumila (Rydb.)
Maguire |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica evermanii Green |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica hardinae St. John |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica macrophylla Nutt |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica paniculata A. Nelson |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica parvifolia Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica pumila Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica subcordata Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica whitneyi Fernald |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Arnica discoidea
Benth. |
Arnica alata Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica cordifolia Hook. var. eradiata A.
Gray |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica discoidea var. alata (Rydb.)
Cronq. in Ferris |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica discoidea Benth. var. eradiata
(A. Gray) Cronquist |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica discoidea var. discoidea |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Amica falconaria Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica grayi A. Heller, Muhlenbergia |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica parviflora A. Gray |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica sanhedrensis Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Arnica fulgens
Pursh |
Arnica monocephala Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1987 |
| |
Arnica montana var. fulgens (Pursh)
Nutt. |
Downie & Denford 1987 |
| |
Arnica pedunculata Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1987 |
| |
Arnica pedunculata Rydb. forma monocephala
(Rydb.) Cockerell |
Downie & Denford 1987 |
| |
Arnica pedunculata Rydb. var. monocephala
(Rydb.) Lunell |
Downie & Denford 1987 |
| |
Arnica pedunculata Rydb. var. tubularis
Cockerell |
Downie & Denford 1987 |
| Arnica gracilis
Rydb. |
Arnica betonicaefolia Greene var. gracilis
(Rydb.) M. E. Jones |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica columbiana A. Nelson |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica lactucina Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica latifolia Bong. var. gracilis
(Rydb.) Cronquist |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica multiflora Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica puberula Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Arnica griscomii
Fern |
Two subspecies |
|
subsp. griscomii
|
Arnica louiseana Farr subsp. griscomii
(Fern.) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica louiseana Farr var. griscomii
(Fern.) Boivin |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
subsp. frigida (Meyer) S. J. Wolf
|
|
Wolf 1989 |
|
Arnica brevifolia Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica frigida Meyer ex Iljin |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica frigida Meyer var. glandulosa
Boivin |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica illiamnae Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica louiseana Farr var. brevifolia
(Rydb.) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica louiseana Farr subsp. frigida
(Meyer ex Iljin) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica louiseana Farr var. frigida (Meyer ex Iljin) Welsh |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica louiseana Farr var. genuina
Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica louiseana Farr var. illiamnae
(Rydb.) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica louiseana Farr var. mendenhallii
(Rydb.) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica louiseana Farr var. pilosa
Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica mendenhallii Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica nutans Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica snyderi Raup |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica. sancti-laurentii Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| Arnica lanceolata Nutt. |
Two subspecies |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
subsp. lanceolata
|
Arnica mollis Hook. var. petiolaris Fern. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica petiolaris (Fern.) Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
subsp. amplexicaulis (Nutt.) Gruezo
|
Arnica amplexicaulis Nutt. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexicaulis Nutt. subsp. genuina (Maguire)
Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexicaulis Nutt. subsp. prima (Maguire)
Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexicaulis Nutt. var. piperi St. John &
Warren |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexicaulis Nutt. var. prima (Maguire) Welsh |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexifolia Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexifolia Rydb. subsp. genuina Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexifolia Rydb. subsp. genuina Maguire var.
borealis (Rydb.) Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexifolia Rydb. subsp. prima Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica amplexifolia Rydb. var. trina (A. Nelson)
Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica aspera Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica borealis Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica elongata Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica filipes Greene ex Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica hirticaulis Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica macounii Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica macounii Greene subsp. aspera (Greene) G.N.
Jones |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica mollis Hook. var. aspera (Greene) B. Boivin |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica mollis Hook. var. piperi (St. John &
Warren) B. Boivin |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica trina A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| Arnica latifolia
Bong. |
Arnica aphanactis Piper |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica aprica Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica betonicaefolia Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica eriopoda Gandoger |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica flodmanii Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica glabrata Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica grandifolia Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica jonesii Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica laevigata Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica latifolia B
angustifolia Herder |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica latifolia Bong. var. latifolia |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica leptocaulis Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica menziesii Hook. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica oligolepis Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica ovalifolia Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica paucibracteata Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica platyphylla A. Nelson |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica teucriifolia Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica ventorum Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Arnica lessingii Greene |
|
|
| Arnica lessingii subsp. lessingii |
|
|
| Arnica lessingii subsp. norbergii Hult.
& Maguire |
|
|
| Arnica lonchophylla
Greene |
Two subspecies |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
subsp. arnoglossa (Greene) Maguire
|
Arnica arcana A. Nels. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica arnoglossa Greene |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica lonchophylla Greene var. arnoglossa
(Greene) Boivin |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica rydbergii var. dubia A. Nels. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
subsp. lonchophylla
|
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin subsp. lonchophylla
(Greene) G. W. Douglas & G. Ruyle-Douglas |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica alpina (L.) Olin var. lonchophylla
(Greene) Welsh |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica angustifolia Vahl subsp. lonchophylla
(Greene) G. W. Douglas A, G. Ruyle-Douglas |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica chionopappa Fern |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica fernaldii Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica gaspensis Fern. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica lonchophylla Greene subsp. chionopappa
(Fern.) Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica lonchophylla Greene subsp. genuina
Maguire |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica wilsonii Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| Arnica longifolia
D.C. Eaton in King |
Arnica caudata Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica ciliaris Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica longifolia D.C. Eaton subsp. genuina Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica longifolia subsp. myriadena (Piper) Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica myriadenia Piper |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica polycephala A. Nels. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| Arnica louiseana
Farr |
None |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| Arnica mollis Hook. |
Arnica amplifolia Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica chamissonis Less. var. longinodosa A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica confinis Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica crocea Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica crocina Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica merriamii Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica mollis Hook. var. scaberrima (Greene) Smiley |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica rivularis Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica scaberrima Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica subplumosa Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| Arnica mollis var. petiolaris Fernald |
? |
|
| Arnica nevadensis
A. Gray |
Arnica tomentella Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Arnica ovata Greene |
Arnica confinis Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica diversifolia Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica latifolia Bong. var. viscidula Gray |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica silvatica Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica subplumosa var. silvatica (Greene) A. Nelson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| Arnica parryi A.
Gray |
Arnica angustifolia Vahl var. discoidea latifolia
Gray |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica angustifolia Vahl var. eradiata
A. Gray |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica arachnoidea Rydb. |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica eradiata (A. Gray) Heller |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica foliosa Nutt. var. sonnei
(Greene) Jepson |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica parryi A. Gray subsp. genuina Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica parryi A. Gray subsp. sonnei (Greene) Maguire |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica parryi A. Gray var. crinita Osterhout |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica parryi var. sonnei (Greene) Cronquist in Ferris |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| |
Arnica sonnei Greene |
Gruezo & Denford 1994 |
| Arnica rydbergii
Greene |
Arnica aurantiaca Greene |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica caespitosa A. Nels. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica cascadensis St. John |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica lasiosperma Greene |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica ovalis Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica sulcata Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| |
Arnica tenuis Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1988 |
| Arnica sororia
Greene |
Arnica fulgens Pursh var. sororia
(Greene) G. W. Douglas and G. Ruyle-Douglas |
Downie & Denford 1886a |
| |
Arnica stricta Greene |
Downie & Denford 1886a |
| |
Arnica trinervata Rydb. |
Downie & Denford 1886a |
| Arnica spathulata
Greene |
Arnica cusickii Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica eastwoodiae Rydb. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica spathulata var. eastwoodiae
Ediger & T. M. Barkl. |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Arnica spathulata Greene subsp. eastwoodiae
(Rydb.) Maguire |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Arnica unalaschcensis Less. |
|
|
| Arnica venosa H.
M. Hall |
No synonyms |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Arnica viscosa A.
Gray |
Raillardella paniculata Greene |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| |
Chrysopsis shastensis Jepson |
Wolf & Denford 1984 |
| Whitneya dealbata A. Gray |
Arnica dealbata (A. Gray) B.G. Baldwin |
|