Fruit Key


Note that this key does not follow all the rules for the construction of keys. If you plan on printing this out make sure you adjust the font size so all the text fits on the screen.

1a. Fruit compound (false), derived from more than 1 pistil:

2a. Fruit derived from 1 flower with more than 1 pistil - Aggregate - strawberry, rose hip, raspberry

2b. Fruit derived from more than 1 flower - Multiple Fruit - pineapple, sweetgum, fig, mulberry

1b. Fruit simple (true), derived from 1 flower with 1 pistil

3a. Fruits fleshy:

4a. One seed enclosed in bony endocarp (pit) - Drupe - peach, cherry, plum, olive, coconut

4b. More than one seed:

5a. No bony, leathery or papery endocarp (berries):

6a. Ovary superior:

7a. Thin skin - True Berry - tomato, grape, coffee

7b. Leathery skin with oils (citrus family) - Hesperidium - all citrus fruits

6b. Ovary inferior, fruit with rind (gourd family) - Pepo - cucumber, watermelon, pumpkin, squash

5b. Leathery or papery endocarp, inferior ovary - Pome - apple, pear

3b. Fruits dry:

7a. Indehiscent:

8a. Fruits with a wing - Samara - ash, maple, tulip tree

8b. Fruits without a wing:

9a. With a hard shell - Nut - acorn, macadamia

9b. Without a hard shell:

10a. Pericarp fused entirely to seed coat (grass family) - Caryopsis (grain) - all cereals

10b. Pericarp not fused entirely to seed coat - Achene - sunflower

7b. Dehiscent:

11a. Derived from several fused carpels, opening by slits, pores or a cap - Capsule - cotton, poppy

11b. Derived from 1 or 2 fused carpels, dehiscing lengthwise:

12a. Fruit with persistent septum (replum) (mustard family):

13a. Long & thin - Silique - mustard

13b. Short & fat - Silicle - shepherd's purse

12b. No persistent septum:

14a. Dehiscent along 1 edge - Follicle - milkweed, magnolia

14b. Dehiscent along 2 edges (legume family) - Legume - peanuts, all beans